MACHU PICCHU

(1450 d.C.)

Perù

TAJ MAHAL

(1643 d.C.)

India

CRISTO REDENTORE

(1931 d.C.)

Brasile

the evolution of the house throughout the years

the primitive man thinks about the house when he begins going around to find game and

land to cultivate. As a result, he has to give up the caves to learn how to build the huts. To

defend from the enemies and fierce animals, the man designs the stilts in the middle of the

lakes. On the other side, the Assyrian-Babilonian and the Etruscan are the first ones to use

the brick. The Greek are the ones that construct the house with clay roofs, stone base,

and brick walls. The ancient Romans build the insulae with four or five floors, in addition to

the domus of the wealthy families. During the Middle Ages, due to the incessant conflicts

and invasions, the houses were transformed in castles. In the Rinaissance, the taste for the

hospitality was discovered and the beautiful Italian palaces (Palazzi) emerged. The royal

palaces (Regge) were built during the age of the Baroque. Since the beginning of the

last century, hollow bricks, tiles, and roof tiles have been used to build homes

with hygenic services, water, and electricity. The modern era is characterized by

the organic architecture that promotes the harmony between the human and the nature.

Moreover, it is marked by the rational architecture that opts for the beehive houses. The

population, constantly increasing, lives in condominiums, farmhouses, and single-family

houses. In addition, they live in tall buildings and skyscrapers. The first one was built in

Chicago in 1882 and the tallest one was built in 2009 in Dubai, which is 829 m tall

a peaceful West and the freedom of choice

Steven Pinker, renowned Illuminist of the Boston MED, explains “the reason why the age

that we are living is probably the most peaceful period in history” (Il declino della

violenza, 2011). In October, 1660, the politician Samuel Pepys described in his diary, without

any sign of dismay, the killing of the General Harrison while he was hanged and quartered.

At the beginning of the Modern Age, the death penalty was imposed for offences, such

as rumor and the stealing of cabbage. In the 1820 in the United Kingdom, the offences,

punished with the death penalty, were 222, within which the cutting down of a tree. During

an age in which people condemns the bullism and a spanking, they do not have idea of

how the children were educated and raised in the past: the violent physical punishment

has been the custom for many centuries. Symbolically, starting from the 1948 Universal

Declaration of Human Rights the sensibility has been developed, which has brought to the

fights for the civil rights. As a result, it has changed the value of life. This is the sign of a

moral and intellectual changing and a tangible decline of the violence in people’s

daily existence. This has given to the people the benefit of studying, planning,

dreaming, choosing, and worrying about getting old

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